How animation is made step by step?

1. Concept and Story Development:
   • Idea Generation: The process begins with brainstorming and developing a creative concept or idea for the animation.
   • Scriptwriting: A script is written to outline the story, dialogues, and key scenes.
   • Storyboarding: Visual representations of the script’s key moments are created in the form of storyboards, which are like a comic book version of the animation.
2. Pre-production:
   • Character and Environment Design: Artists design characters, objects, and backgrounds. This includes creating concept art and model sheets to maintain consistency in the animation.
   • Voice Acting: Professional voice actors are cast to provide voices for the characters. Dialogues are recorded during this phase.
   • Animatic: An animatic is a rough, timed version of the animation that combines storyboards, audio, and simple motion to visualize the flow of the animation.
3. Production:
   • Modeling (3D Animation): In 3D animation, digital models of characters and objects are created.
   • Rigging (3D Animation): Characters are given digital skeletons and controls, allowing animators to manipulate their movements.
   • Layout (2D Animation): In 2D animation, layout artists create background art and plan the composition of each scene.
   • Animation: Skilled animators bring characters to life by creating their movements frame by frame. This process involves timing, poses, and expressions.
   • Texturing and Shading (3D Animation): Artists apply textures and define how light interacts with the 3D models.
   • Background Art (2D Animation): Detailed background art is created to set the scene.
4. Post-production:
   • Lighting and Rendering (3D Animation): Scenes are set up with lighting, and the 3D models are rendered to create the final images or frames.
   • Coloring and Inking (2D Animation): In traditional 2D animation, characters and objects are colored and inked for the final look.
   • Special Effects: Visual effects, such as explosions or magical effects, are added to enhance the visuals.
   • Editing: All the scenes and sequences are edited together to create the final movie. The voice acting is synchronized with the character animations.
   • Sound Design: Sound effects, music, and background music are added to enhance the audio experience.
   • Post-Production and Final Touches: Final adjustments, color correction, and any necessary editing are made.
5. Distribution:
   • The completed animation is distributed to theaters, streaming platforms, television networks, or other media channels for audiences to enjoy.

Throughout these steps, collaboration among a team of artists, animators, writers, directors, and technical professionals is crucial. The specific techniques and tools used can vary widely depending on the style and goals of the animation, whether it’s 2D, 3D, stop-motion, or a combination of methods. Creating animation requires meticulous planning, creativity, and technological expertise to bring imaginative stories to life on the screen.